Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning PubHealthInfo

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PubHealth.info® (a subsidiary of PakMed) presents scientific information mainly based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics, particularly encompassing population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health, and communicable and non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are affecting a significant portion of population in developing and developed countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health topics under category "Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning". Contraception (birth control) is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices, practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less controversial than abortion specifically.

YEAR: 1968

CATEGORY: Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning

TITLE

Hormonal contraception. [La contraception hormonale.]

AUTHORS

Schwers J

SOURCE

ABSTRACT

The injectable and oral contraceptives, including combined, sequential, minipills, and morning-after pills are

discussed in terms of composition, mode of action, effectiveness, side effects for each type, and side effects of pills

in general. Combined pills work by inhibiting ovulation at the pituitary and hypothalamic level. Combined pills are

most commonly used; sequentials were originaly developed to be more physiological and to decrease side effects

and price by lowering dose, however, minipills contain even lower steroid doses. Other sites where these and the

other types of steroidal contraceptives act are cervical mucus, endometrium, Fallopian tubes, and possibly the ovary.

Failure rates are .5-1.7% for combined pills, lower for sequentials, 3.7% for minipills, remarkably low for injectables,

and 0% in 1 study of morning-after estrogens. The most common side effects are nausea, breast congestion, weight

changes alteration of of libido, cycle irregularities such as bleeding, and amenorrhea, thromboembolism, reduced

glucose tolerance, liver function, and lactation. Some sequelae believed, but not proven to be due to pills, are

postponement of menopause, genital cancer, fetal defects (except adrenogenital syndrome), and rebound fertility.

(PubHealth.info Document ID: CONT9T 1078-06)

PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "Hormonal contraception. [La contraception hormonale.]",

is(are) Schwers J. The source of this article is "". This article was published in 1968 in French language(s).

(PubHealth.info® Document ID: CONT9T 1078-06. All rights reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: 41078

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