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PubHealth.info®
(a subsidiary of
PakMed) presents scientific information mainly
based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics,
particularly encompassing
population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health,
and communicable and
non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are
affecting a significant portion of population in developing and
developed
countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health
topics under category "Contraception
(Birth Control) and Family Planning".
Contraception (birth control)
is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in
order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman
becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the
utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices,
practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception
or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed
birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family
planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical
issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less
controversial than abortion specifically. |
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| CATEGORY: |
Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning |
| Low-dose progestagens as contraceptive agents. |
| IPPF Medical Bulletin 4(1): 2-4. 1970. |
| The low dose progestogens available for use as contraceptive agents are identified, and the evidence of their |
| possible mode of action is discussed. The relative acceptability and clinical effectiveness is also indicated. |
| Progestational agents fall into 2 groups: 17-acetoxy progestogens (chlormadinone acetate 500 mcg and megestrol |
| acetate 500 mcg) and 19-norsteroids (norgestrel, 50-75 mcg, norethisterone acetate, 300 mcg, norethisterone 500 |
| mcg, and ethynodiol diacetate 250-500 mcg). The effect of the progestational agents on the hypothalamo-pituitary- |
| ovarian mechanisms can be interpreted from leutinizing hormones (LH) levels. 17-acetoxy progestogens disturb LH |
| excretion and the dose of these drugs which inhibits ovulation is very close to the dose exerting local contraceptive |
| action. In 19-norsteroids administration, the LH midcycle surge is still present but long-term use may distort the LH |
| peak rather than suppress it. 19-norsteroids seem to effect the ovarian function, although the corpus luteum appears |
| normal. Evidence for an ovarian effect produced with chlormadionone acetate is less convincing. An effect of these |
| progestogens on the endometrium appears to be absent, however, this assertion is without the support of electron |
| microscopy study. Cervical mucus is a major site of action of the 17-acetoxy group although this may be unrelated to |
| contraceptive effectiveness. The data on the effect of 19-norsteroids on cervical mucus is conflicting. Animal |
| studies with low dose progestogens have shown unusual findings to be absent, although breast nodules were found |
| in the beagle. The disadvantages of the low dose progestagens are in the irregular bleeding and the use |
| effectiveness rate of 9/100 woman-years and method failure of 6/100 woman-years. (PubHealth.info Document ID: |
| PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "Low-dose progestagens as contraceptive agents.", is(are) |
| Elstein M. The source of this article is "IPPF Medical Bulletin 4(1): 2-4. 1970.". This article was published in 1970 in |
| English language(s). (PubHealth.info® Document ID: CONT8T 4530-06. All rights reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: |
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