Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning PubHealthInfo

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PubHealth.info® (a subsidiary of PakMed) presents scientific information mainly based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics, particularly encompassing population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health, and communicable and non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are affecting a significant portion of population in developing and developed countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health topics under category "Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning". Contraception (birth control) is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices, practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less controversial than abortion specifically.

YEAR: 1983

CATEGORY: Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning

TITLE

A new contraceptive sponge and its potential in prevention of sexually

transmitted diseases.

AUTHORS

Singh B

SOURCE

[Unpublished] 1983. Summary of the paper presented at the 111th Annual Meeting

of the American Public Health Association, Dallas, Texas, November 17, 1983. 2 p.

ABSTRACT

Studies conducted over the last decade suggest that contraceptive spermicides may reduce the risks of sexually

transmitted diseases (STD). In the laboratory, spermicidal foams, creams, and jellies have demonstrated both

bactericidal and virucidal properties. In a randomized clinical trial, spermicide use decreased gonorrhea infection

rate in a high risk female population. More recently a retrospective cohort study found that the relative risk of

gonorrhea for spermicide users was almost 1/4 compared to women who were using oral contraception (OC) or other

methods. Considering the significant public health benefit that appears to accompany the use of spermicides,

laboratory studies were undertaken to evaluate the germicidal activity of the newly marketed TODAY contraceptive

sponge on selected STD pathogens. TODAY, a 2 inch diameter polyurethane sponge containing 1 gm of nonoxynol

9, was the 1st vaginal contraceptive to be subjected to well controlled randomized clinical trials. Since the sponge

can be worn for up to 24 hours and also has an absorbent feature, its antimicrobial activity was of particular interest.

The laboratory study was undertaken to establish a testing methodology and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of

the spermicide sponge. In these studies, antibacterial and antiviral effectiveness of the TODAY contraceptive

sponge was tested against Neisseria gonorrhoeae and herpes simplex virus type 2. 10 mls of water were dispensed

into sterile 150 ml beakers containing single TODAY contraceptive sponges. Spermicidal foam was mechanically

produced similar to the manner in which foam is produced in situ. 1 ml suspensions containing approximately 10

million colony forming units (CFU) of N. gonorrhoeae or 5 million infectious particles of herpes virus type 2 were

added to the beaker for an exposure time of 5-10 minutes and then were assayed for remaining viable particles.

When suspensions containg approximately 10 millions CFUs of viable N. gonorrhoeae/ml were exposed to the

sponge, virtually all of the organisms initially present were killed. Only when the inoculum size was very high, less

than 1/100 of 1% of microorganisms were recovered after exposure. Similarly, high titre herpes virus type 2

suspensions containing 5 million infectious viral particles were inactivated on exposure to the contraceptive sponge.

(PubHealth.info Document ID: CONT5T 2031-06)

PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "A new contraceptive sponge and its potential in prevention

of sexually transmitted diseases.", is(are) Singh B. The source of this article is "[Unpublished] 1983. Summary of

the paper presented at the 111th Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association, Dallas, Texas,

November 17, 1983. 2 p.". This article was published in 1983 in English language(s). (PubHealth.info® Document ID:

CONT5T 2031-06. All rights reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: 22031

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