Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning PubHealthInfo

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PubHealth.info® (a subsidiary of PakMed) presents scientific information mainly based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics, particularly encompassing population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health, and communicable and non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are affecting a significant portion of population in developing and developed countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health topics under category "Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning". Contraception (birth control) is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices, practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less controversial than abortion specifically.

YEAR: 1983

CATEGORY: Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning

TITLE

Multilevel effects of socioeconomic development and family planning programs

on children ever born.

AUTHORS

Entwisle B; Mason WM

SOURCE

Ann Arbor, Mich, University of Michigan, Population Studies Center, 1983. 71 p.

Population Studies Center Research Report no. 83-53

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a multilevel model for analyzing the effects of socioeconomic development (measured as

GNP/capita) and national family planning program strength on fertility behavior. Such an approach was selected

because of its sensitivity to the dependence of individual or couple fertility-related behavior on its social context.

The micro specification employed was the implied reduced-form equation for children ever born, expressed as a

function of wife's education and type of place of childhood residence. World Fertility Survey data from 15 countries

for the cohorts of women who were 35-39 and 40-44 years of age in 1974 were used for the analysis. In countries

with low GNP and no family planning program, urban childhood residence was associated with more children ever

born than rural childhood residence; however, in countries with high GNP and no family planning program, urban

childhood residence implied 2.2 less children ever born than rural residence. This result is consistent with the

hypothesis that micro socioeconomic effects will travel from positive to negative as development proceeds. When

GNP is set at US$77, an upward shift in family planning effort corresponds to a shift from 1.2 to -.6 children in the

childhood residence contrast for women 35-39 years of age in 1974. At levels of GNP above US$249, increases in

family planning effort correspond to a narrowing of an already inverse differential childhood residence in children ever

born. The shift in the childhood residence differential associated with an increase in family planning effort from 0 to

24 was greater for the younger than the older cohort for each level of GNP. For women with no education, an

increase in GNP from its lowest extreme was associated with a shift from a positive to a negative effect on fertility; for

women with 10 years of schooling, an increase in GNP was associated with a dampening of the negative effect of

education on children ever born. These results suggest that countries at a low level of socioeconomic development

and no family planning program have a positive micro socioeconomic fertility differential, but an increase in family

planning strength can drive this differential from positive to zero to negative. (PubHealth.info Document ID: CONT5T

2004-06)

PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "Multilevel effects of socioeconomic development and

family planning programs on children ever born.", is(are) Entwisle B; Mason WM. The source of this article is "Ann

Arbor, Mich, University of Michigan, Population Studies Center, 1983. 71 p. Population Studies Center Research

Report no. 83-53". This article was published in 1983 in English language(s). (PubHealth.info® Document ID:

CONT5T 2004-06. All rights reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: 22004

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