Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning PubHealthInfo

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PubHealth.info® (a subsidiary of PakMed) presents scientific information mainly based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics, particularly encompassing population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health, and communicable and non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are affecting a significant portion of population in developing and developed countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health topics under category "Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning". Contraception (birth control) is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices, practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less controversial than abortion specifically.

YEAR: 1991

CATEGORY: Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning

TITLE

Final report of an operations research project: "A Study to Increase the

Availability and Price of Oral Contraceptives in Three Program Settings",

Contract CI90.59A.

AUTHORS

Apoyo a Programas de Poblacion [APROPO]; Asociacion Pro-Desarrollo y

Bienestar Familiar; Instituto Peruano de Paternidad Responsable [INPPARES];

Vecinos Peru; Futures Group. Social Marketing for Change [SOMARC];

Pathfinder Fund; Population Council. Operations Research and Technical

Assistance to Improve Family Planning / Maternal-Child Health Services Delivery

Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean [INOPAL]

SOURCE

[Unpublished] 1991 Oct 10. [3], 32, [22] p. PER-1; USAID Contract No. DPE-3030-Z-

00-9019-00

ABSTRACT

In an effort to reach more clients while increasing self-sufficiency, a group of private and public agencies in Peru

collaborated in 2 operations research (OR) studies. This OR project, which cost US $62,040, was affected by the

action of the newly elected government which ended price controls and subsidies in August 1990 and resulted in

changes in the spending habits of most Peruvian families. Sales of all oral contraceptives (OCs) fell from an

average of 141,400 to 73,400 cycles/month, and sales of Microgynon in pharmacies fell from 76,400 to 38,000

cycles/month. The first OR study tested the use of community-based distributors (CBDs), Ministry of Health (MOH)

facilities, and private midwives as contraceptive social marketing (CSM) outlets by adding the OC Microgynon (sold

at pharmacy prices) to CBD programs and raising the price of the donated OC, Lo-Femenal, over time. Specific

objectives were to determine 1) if total CBD sales increased with the method mix, 2) whether CBD from homes of

small businesses was more effective, 3) if the new distribution of Microgynon would increase sales of the OC as a

whole, and 4) the impact of Lo-Feminal price increases on sales and user characteristics. The study was carried out

in 44 experimental and 44 control groups in Lima and 20 experimental and 21 control groups in Ica. Baseline data

were obtained for December 1989-April 1990, and monthly sales were monitored during the 12 months from May 1990

to April 1991. Data were also obtained from surveys of dropouts and new Microgynon acceptors. It was found that

the August 1990 price increase effectively destroyed the significant market penetration exhibited by Microgynon in the

first 4 months of the study. Adding an affordable CSM brand to CBD programs will, however, increase sales and self-

sufficiency, although the sale of donated OCs for around $0.30/cycle will reduce sales of the new brand by 20-40%.

It was also found that most clients who dropped out because of side effects were less likely to be contracepting than

those who dropped out because of cost, indicating a need for improved distributor counseling. The second study

tested the price elasticity of demand for OCs in CBD programs by measuring the demand for Microgynon. Specific

objectives were to determine 1) the level of Microgynon sales in MOH facilities, 2) the level of sales by nurse-

midwives, 3) the number of Microgynon users who formerly used Lo-femenal from the MOH, and 4) the number of

Microgynon users in MOH and nurse-midwife facilities who formerly obtained the OC from pharmacies. A

demonstration project was carried out in the rural departments of Ayacucho and Huancavelica, the poorest areas of

Peru. 4 MOH hospitals in 4 cities and 17 nurse-midwives participated. The hope was that the CSM products would

mitigate the effect of stock-outs in the hospitals. It was found that no Microgynon was sold because of a reluctance

to recommend it and other unfavorable study conditions (the necessity for separate accounting, the lack of stock-

outs, the reluctance of the midwives to sell a contraceptive, and the decline in client purchasing power). Cost

recovery in the MOH would be better served by charging a modest amount for donated contraceptives. (PubHealth.info

Document ID: CONT3T 2517-06)

PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "Final report of an operations research project: "A Study to

Increase the Availability and Price of Oral Contraceptives in Three Program Settings", Contract CI90.59A.", is(are)

Apoyo a Programas de Poblacion [APROPO]; Asociacion Pro-Desarrollo y Bienestar Familiar; Instituto Peruano de

Paternidad Responsable [INPPARES]; Vecinos Peru; Futures Group. Social Marketing for Change [SOMARC];

Pathfinder Fund; Population Council. Operations Research and Technical Assistance to Improve Family Planning /

Maternal-Child Health Services Delivery Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean [INOPAL]. The source of this

article is "[Unpublished] 1991 Oct 10. [3], 32, [22] p. PER-1; USAID Contract No. DPE-3030-Z-00-9019-00". This

article was published in 1991 in English language(s). (PubHealth.info® Document ID: CONT3T 2517-06. All rights

reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: 12517

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