Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning PubHealthInfo

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PubHealth.info® (a subsidiary of PakMed) presents scientific information mainly based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics, particularly encompassing population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health, and communicable and non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are affecting a significant portion of population in developing and developed countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health topics under category "Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning". Contraception (birth control) is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices, practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less controversial than abortion specifically.

YEAR: 1991

CATEGORY: Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning

TITLE

In utero exposure to steroid contraceptives and survival during infancy.

AUTHORS

Gray RH; Pardthaisong T

SOURCE

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY. 1991 Oct 15;134(8):804-11.

ABSTRACT

A cohort study was conducted in Chiang Mai, northern Thailand, on 1431 children of women who had used the

injectable contraceptive Depo-Provera (Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, Michigan), 565 children of women who had

used oral contraceptives (OCs) during pregnancy, and a group of 2307 control infants with no hormonal contraceptive

exposures. In followup interviews, information was obtained on stillbirths and deaths. Cause of death was

ascertained by interview, death certificate, or medical record, and underlying causes of death were ascribed by a

panel. The children exposed in utero to Depo-Provera had higher neonatal and infant mortality rates (44.3 and

62.9/1000 livebirths, respectively) than did the controls (19.8 and 29.1/1000 livebirths). Mortality in infants exposed in

utero to OCs was intermediate between that in the other 2 groups. Adjustment by logistic regression showed no

significantly increased risk of mortality among infants exposed to OCs, but the odds ratio (OR) for death was

significantly increased with Depo-Provera exposures due to accidental pregnancy (OR=1.8, 95% confidence interval

[CI] 1.1-3.0) for neonatal deaths; OR=2.0 [95% CI 1.3-3.2] for infant deaths). Adjustment for low birthweight reduced

the risks, suggesting that low birthweight may act as an intermediate determinant of Depo-Provera-associated

mortality. Among the accidental pregnancies with Depo-Provera, there was a relation between shorter injection-to-

conception intervals, when maternal blood levels of the drug are high, and an increased risk of mortality. The ORs for

neonatal mortality were 2.5 (95% CI 1.1-5.7), 2.1 (95% CI 1.0-4.6), and 0.9 (95% CI 0.4-2.4) for infection-to-conception

intervals of <or= 4, 5-8, and >or= 9 weeks, respectively. Adjustment for low birthweight reduced these risks. Chi-

square tests for trend were highly significant. Similar associations were also observed between Depo-Provera

accidental pregnancies and risks of low birthweight. Thus, infants from accidental pregnancies which occur 1-2

months after a 150 mg Depo-Provera injection may be at an increased risk for low birthweight and death. However,

the attributable risk is low since such pregnancies are uncommon. (author's) (PubHealth.info Document ID: CONT3T

2032-06)

PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "In utero exposure to steroid contraceptives and survival

during infancy.", is(are) Gray RH; Pardthaisong T. The source of this article is "AMERICAN JOURNAL OF

EPIDEMIOLOGY. 1991 Oct 15;134(8):804-11.". This article was published in 1991 in English language(s).

(PubHealth.info® Document ID: CONT3T 2032-06. All rights reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: 12032

This article is peer-reviewed.

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