Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning PubHealthInfo

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PubHealth.info® (a subsidiary of PakMed) presents scientific information mainly based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics, particularly encompassing population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health, and communicable and non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are affecting a significant portion of population in developing and developed countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health topics under category "Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning". Contraception (birth control) is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices, practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less controversial than abortion specifically.

YEAR: 1991

CATEGORY: Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning

TITLE

The risk of liver neoplasia in relation to combined oral contraceptive use.

AUTHORS

Rosenberg L

SOURCE

CONTRACEPTION. 1991 Jun;43(6):643-52.

ABSTRACT

Benign liver tumors occurring in young women were rarely reported in the medical literature prior to the introduction of

oral contraceptives (OCs) in the early 1960s. Subsequently, there were numerous case reports from the US and other

countries of liver tumors in women using combined OCs. These reports, coupled with data from 2 US case-control

studies, indicate that the risk of hepatocellular adenoma increases sharply with increasing duration of OC use. Case

reports suggest that there may be a similar effect on the risk of focal nodular hyperplasia, but this is not established

because there have been no case-control studies of the lesion. The incidence of benign liver disease attributable to

OC use in the US is small due to the very low incidence of the disease. There have also been numerous case

reports of malignant liver tumors in young women who used OCs. 7 case-control studies have been conducted--2 in

Great Britain, 2 in the US, 1 in Italy, 1 in many developing countries, and 1 in South Africa. Data from the 1st 5

studies, all conducted in low risk populations, indicated an association of hepatocellular carcinoma (largely in the

absence of liver cirrhosis) with OC use. Because of small numbers, estimates were unstable, but the risk did not

appear to be appreciably increased for durations of use less than 5 years. For longer durations, the risk appeared to

increase 5-10-fold or more. There was little evidence of hepatitis B infection among the cases, but systematic

determinations were not conducted. An increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma was not established, but few of these

lesions were studied. Because the incidence of primary liver cancer in northern Europe and the US is low, the

incidence attributable to OC use is also likely to be low. The World Health Organization (WHO) study was carried out

in 8 countries, most of which have a high incidence of liver cancer and a high prevalence of a predisposing factor,

hepatitis B infection. Similarly, the South Africa study was carried out among black women, and virtually all of the

cases had serological evidence of such infection. Both studies indicated no association of shortterm OC use with

risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, and the WHO study indicated a lack of association with cholangiocarcinoma. The

prevalence of longterm use was too low for informative analysis. Future studies will be needed to assess whether

long durations of OC use increase liver cancer risk in countries in which both hepatitis B infection and liver cancer

are common. (author's) (PubHealth.info Document ID: CONT3T 2019-06)

PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "The risk of liver neoplasia in relation to combined oral

contraceptive use.", is(are) Rosenberg L. The source of this article is "CONTRACEPTION. 1991 Jun;43(6):643-52.".

This article was published in 1991 in English language(s). (PubHealth.info® Document ID: CONT3T 2019-06. All

rights reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: 12019

This article is peer-reviewed.

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