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PubHealth.info®
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PakMed) presents scientific information mainly
based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics,
particularly encompassing
population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health,
and communicable and
non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are
affecting a significant portion of population in developing and
developed
countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health
topics under category "Contraception
(Birth Control) and Family Planning".
Contraception (birth control)
is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in
order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman
becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the
utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices,
practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception
or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed
birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family
planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical
issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less
controversial than abortion specifically. |
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| CATEGORY: |
Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning |
| New concepts in oral contraceptive pill use. |
| CURRENT OPINION IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY. 1992 Jun;4(3):365-71. |
| Over the 30 years since combined oral contraceptives (OCs) first emerged, scientists have learned that reducing the |
| estrogen component by 80% and the progestogen component by 90% provides adequate contraception and reduces |
| adverse side effects. Their better understanding of the mechanisms of the metabolism of estrogens and |
| progestogens contained in these OCs has allowed them to develop new progestogens, all modifications of |
| levonorgestrel. These new progestogens include desogestrel, gestodene, and norgestimate which further reduce the |
| likelihood of androgenic side effects and adverse changes of blood lipids, coagulation, and carbohydrate |
| metabolism. They were first introduced in Europe and are expected to be approved by the US Food and Drug |
| Administration soon. The improved understanding of the metabolic mechanisms has also allowed scientists to |
| learn about the role of the cytochrome P-450 hydroxylating enzyme system in steroid metabolism and about |
| interactions of OCs with other drugs. This hepatic system 2-hydroxylates ethinyl estradiol and eliminates it more |
| rapidly from the body; so inhibiting 2-hydroxylase activity would make ethinyl estradiol more powerful, while |
| stimulating it would reduce ethinyl estradiol's potency. This discovery alerts physicians to be cautious when |
| prescribing other medications, while a woman is taking an OC, that could induce or inhibit this enzyme system, e.g., |
| rifampicin (an inducer) and cimetidine (an inhibitor). Scientific documentation for a justification of the pill-free |
| interval does not exist. Disadvantages of the pill-free interval include estrogen withdrawal symptoms, e.g., migraine |
| headaches and the risk of reduced contraceptive efficacy. (PubHealth.info Document ID: CONT3T 1574-06) |
| PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "New concepts in oral contraceptive pill use.", is(are) Zacur |
| HA; Stewart D. The source of this article is "CURRENT OPINION IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY. 1992 |
| Jun;4(3):365-71.". This article was published in 1992 in English language(s). (PubHealth.info® Document ID: |
| CONT3T 1574-06. All rights reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: 11574 |
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