Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning PubHealthInfo

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PubHealth.info® (a subsidiary of PakMed) presents scientific information mainly based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics, particularly encompassing population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health, and communicable and non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are affecting a significant portion of population in developing and developed countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health topics under category "Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning". Contraception (birth control) is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices, practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less controversial than abortion specifically.

YEAR: 1993

CATEGORY: Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning

TITLE

A randomized trial of three oral contraceptives: comparison of bleeding

patterns by contraceptive types and steroid levels.

AUTHORS

Saleh WA; Burkman RT; Zacur HA; Kimball AW; Kwiterovich P; Bell WK

SOURCE

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY. 1993 Jun;168(6 Pt

1):1740-7.

ABSTRACT

Breakthrough bleeding as a side effect of oral contraceptive (OC) use is considered one of the primary causes if

discontinuation of oral contraceptives. In this study, the incidence and pattern of vaginal bleeding is examined and

correlated with biologic responses and plasma steroid bioavailability. Between October 1, 1985 and October 15,

1987, subjects were randomly selected from eligible women beginning OC use as patients of the Department of

Gynecology and Obstetrics at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions. Women were grouped by type of OC as

follows: 1) 67 women taking 50 micrograms of ethinyl estradiol and 1.0 mg of norethindrone (OC1);l 2) 61 women

taking 35 micrograms of ethinyl estradiol and 1.0 mg of norethindrone (OC2); and 3) 64 women taking 35 micrograms

of ethinyl estradiol and .5 mg of norethindrone (OC3). Estrogen and progesterone concentrations in plasma were

measured on the 21st day during the third, sixth, and ninth cycles. The samples was taken 24 hours after ingestion

of the pill for day 20, and 1 hour after taking the pill on day 21. An extensive interview was also conducted for all

study participants. Bleeding was recorded for any amount of bleeding occurring during days 2 through 21, and during

days 21 through 28. Cycles were omitted where pills had been forgotten by the patient. An initial slope was

calculated with the 1 hour value level and subtracting the 0 hour level over the actual time interval. Linear regression

analysis was used to compare the slopes and bleeding days. Of the 316 women enrolled, 61% (192) completed the

study. The findings were that the incidence of intermenstrual bleeding was not statistically different among the

various preparations. For 59 patients eliminated from the study, 24% experienced intermenstrual bleeding. Those

lose to follow-up were not among those unwilling to tolerate their bleeding pattern. There was similar incidence of

other side effects among all three preparations: .5% amenorrhea of dysmenorrhea, 7% nausea, 16% headache,

26.5% depressed mood, 16.6% breast tenderness, and 44.3% acne. The low-dose OC3 had the statistically highest

rates of intermenstrual bleeding. The bleeding patterns are described. Bleeding patterns were higher than those

previously reported in the literature. Further research might focus on controlling for factors such as hormone-binding

globulin capacity. (PubHealth.info Document ID: CONT2T 4581-06)

PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "A randomized trial of three oral contraceptives: comparison

of bleeding patterns by contraceptive types and steroid levels.", is(are) Saleh WA; Burkman RT; Zacur HA; Kimball

AW; Kwiterovich P; Bell WK. The source of this article is "AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND

GYNECOLOGY. 1993 Jun;168(6 Pt 1):1740-7.". This article was published in 1993 in English language(s).

(PubHealth.info® Document ID: CONT2T 4581-06. All rights reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: 9581

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