Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning PubHealthInfo

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PubHealth.info® (a subsidiary of PakMed) presents scientific information mainly based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics, particularly encompassing population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health, and communicable and non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are affecting a significant portion of population in developing and developed countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health topics under category "Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning". Contraception (birth control) is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices, practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less controversial than abortion specifically.

YEAR: 1993

CATEGORY: Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning

TITLE

Pilot trial of a gonadotropin hormone agonist with replacement hormones as a

prototype contraceptive to prevent breast cancer.

AUTHORS

Spicer DV; Pike MC; Pike A; Rude R; Shoupe D; Richardson J

SOURCE

CONTRACEPTION. 1993 May;47(5):427-44.

ABSTRACT

Combination oral contraceptives (COC) users have reduced risks of ovarian and endometrial cancer, but COCs have

not reduced breast cancer risk. We have previously argued that a hormonal contraceptive with substantially lower

doses of sex-steroids should reduce breast cancer risk by decreasing the breast epithelial cell proliferation below

usual premenopausal levels. We report here the preliminary results of a pilot trial with such a prototype contraceptive

consisting of an agonist of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRHA) administered with low doses of an oral

estrogen (0.625 mg of conjugated estrogen, CE, for 6 days every week) and intermittent oral progestogen (10 mg of

medroxyprogesterone acetate, MPA, for 13 days every 4 months). 18 subjects at 5-fold or greater increased breast

cancer risk were entered and randomized--12 to the contraceptive arm and 6 to a control arm. The principal

endpoints included tolerance of the regimen, vaginal bleeding patterns, and the regimen's effect on the endometrium,

bone metabolism, and lipids. A symptom questionnaire was used to assess tolerance; the contraceptive subjects

had fewer symptoms following initiation of the regimen. This results from the elimination of symptoms associated

with the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, commonly referred to collectively as premenstrual syndrome, PMS. The

few occurrences of hot flushes or vaginal dryness that did occur were eliminated by small increases in estrogen

dose (0.9 mg CE). Scheduled vaginal bleeding occurred associated with most periods of progestogen

administration. Unscheduled bleeding or spotting was infrequent and decreased with time on the regimen. A

beneficial rise in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was evident in the contraceptive subjects. Despite the use of

an estrogen dose which is known to prevent loss of bone mineral density in normal postmenopausal women, an

annualized loss of 1.9% was seen in contraceptive subject. It is hypothesized that this is secondary to inhibition of

ovarian androgen production by the GnRHA, which may additionally account for changes in libido occasionally

reported with GnRHA. The study continues with the addition of a small dose of androgen to replace that lost by the

action of the GnRHA. (PubHealth.info Document ID: CONT2T 4565-06)

PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "Pilot trial of a gonadotropin hormone agonist with

replacement hormones as a prototype contraceptive to prevent breast cancer.", is(are) Spicer DV; Pike MC; Pike A;

Rude R; Shoupe D; Richardson J. The source of this article is "CONTRACEPTION. 1993 May;47(5):427-44.". This

article was published in 1993 in English language(s). (PubHealth.info® Document ID: CONT2T 4565-06. All rights

reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: 9565

This article is peer-reviewed.

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