Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning PubHealthInfo

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PubHealth.info® (a subsidiary of PakMed) presents scientific information mainly based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics, particularly encompassing population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health, and communicable and non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are affecting a significant portion of population in developing and developed countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health topics under category "Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning". Contraception (birth control) is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices, practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less controversial than abortion specifically.

YEAR: 1995

CATEGORY: Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning

TITLE

Postcoital contraception: present and future options.

AUTHORS

Derman SG; Peralta LM

SOURCE

JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH. 1995 Jan;16(1):6-11.

ABSTRACT

Postcoital contraceptives are available for adolescent use in the US. They include combination oral contraceptives

(OCs), high dose estrogens, danazol, and IUDs. Mifepristone (RU-486) is currently not available in the US but is used

in France, the UK, and Sweden. Postcoital contraception is especially important for adolescents who have a very

high pregnancy rate due to poor contraceptive use. Administration of 2-5 mg ethinyl estradiol (EE) for 5 days

beginning within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse yields pregnancy rates ranging from 0-0.92%. EE-related side

effects include nausea, vomiting, sore breasts, and irregular menstrual bleeding. DES should not be used, since it is

associated with reproductive tract anomalies and vaginal cancers in exposed offspring. Conjugated estrogens have

not been used in adolescents for postcoital contraception. The Yuzpe regimen consists of 2 tablets of a combined

OC with 200 mg EE and 2 mg dl-norgestrel administered within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse followed by the

same dose 12 hours later. Common side effects are nausea and vomiting. Its pregnancy rate is 1.8%. Levonorgestrel-

containing OCs can also be used. Administration of 800-1200 mg danazol up to 120 hours after unprotected

intercourse protects against pregnancy in about 98% of cases. Copper IUDs have a high efficacy rate when used as

postcoital contraception (99.9%), but public opinion, medicolegal considerations, financial costs, and potential for

infection impede IUD as a postcoital contraceptive in the US. RU-486 is best known as an abortifacient. It is also a

potential postcoital contraceptive. Two UK studies find that RU-486 used as a postcoital contraceptive has a very

low pregnancy rate and fewer side effects than the Yuzpe regimen and danazol. It is much more costly than currently

used postcoital contraceptives (600 mg of RU-486 cost US$ 68, while Ovral costs US$ 0.48-2.24). Nevertheless, RU-

486 may replace the higher doses of OCs as a postcoital contraceptive method. (PubHealth.info Document ID:

CONT2T 3005-06)

PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "Postcoital contraception: present and future options.",

is(are) Derman SG; Peralta LM. The source of this article is "JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH. 1995

Jan;16(1):6-11.". This article was published in 1995 in English language(s). (PubHealth.info® Document ID:

CONT2T 3005-06. All rights reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: 8005

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