Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning PubHealthInfo

[PubHealth.info Homepage] [Category Homepage] [Disclaimer/Copyrights] [Feedback]

Thank you for your kind visit to PubHealth.info®, an information portal created in technical collaboration with PakMed Biomedical Solutions * * * PubHealth.info® presents hundreds of thousands of informative Web pages on a variety of public health issues / issues * * * An ultimate source of information for teachers, students and research workers who need to find information on various public health issues, like population planning, contraception, HIV AIDS, STDs, maternal and child health, communicable and non-communicable disease, etc. * * * PubHealth.info® regularly updates the repository of these hundreds of thousands of informative Web pages * * * PubHealth.info® is one of the world's largest repositories and information portals with online Web pages on public health issues particularly those pertaining to developing countries!

PubHealth.info® (a subsidiary of PakMed) presents scientific information mainly based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics, particularly encompassing population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health, and communicable and non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are affecting a significant portion of population in developing and developed countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health topics under category "Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning". Contraception (birth control) is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices, practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less controversial than abortion specifically.

YEAR: 1996

CATEGORY: Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning

TITLE

Reliability of data from proxy respondents in an international case-control

study of cardiovascular disease and oral contraceptives.

AUTHORS

Poulter NR; Chang CL; Farley TM; Marmot MG

SOURCE

JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH. 1996 Dec;50(6):674-80.

ABSTRACT

Researchers evaluated the reliability of data from proxy respondents in the World Health Organization collaborative,

hospital-based, case control study of oral contraceptives (OCs) and cardiovascular disease. There were 21

hospitals from Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America in the study. The cases included women 20-44 years old

admitted to a hospital with a cardiovascular disease. When the patient was too ill to complete the questionnaire or

when she died 24 hours or more after hospital admission, a proxy case was used. Proxy controls were also recruited

when the control was unable to complete the questionnaire. 385 pairs of true and proxy controls were matched with

stroke cases, 9 with pulmonary embolus cases, and 9 with acute myocardial cases. The most common proxies were

husbands (242), followed by mothers (61), and sisters (60). Most variables on recent events (e.g., current OC use)

had high levels of agreement between proxy and true controls. On the other hand, most variables requiring detailed

information, especially from the past, had low levels of agreement. Overall, the best proxies were husbands but only

for specific questions (e.g., contraceptive method used). Yet, reliability was also good for friends and other relatives.

Similarly, it declined for questions requiring detailed answers. For current use of OCs, the sensitivity and specificity

of proxy responses stood at 93% and 100%, respectively. The researchers assumed that proxy cases misclassified

current OC use as often as proxy controls. Thus, they biased the overall estimate of risk of stroke by less than 3%

and the risks of both acute myocardial infarction and venous thromboembolism by less than 1%. In conclusion,

friends or relatives, especially husbands, responded reliably to study questions referring to cases of young women.

(PubHealth.info Document ID: CONT2T 2057-06)

PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "Reliability of data from proxy respondents in an

international case-control study of cardiovascular disease and oral contraceptives.", is(are) Poulter NR; Chang CL;

Farley TM; Marmot MG. The source of this article is "JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH.

1996 Dec;50(6):674-80.". This article was published in 1996 in English language(s). (PubHealth.info® Document ID:

CONT2T 2057-06. All rights reserved with PubHealth.info) PIN: 7057

This page is optimized to be viewed by Java script enabled Microsoft® Internet Explorer 6 or later version, at screen resolution of 800 by 600 pixels.