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PubHealth.info®
(a subsidiary of
PakMed) presents scientific information mainly
based on abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health issues/topics,
particularly encompassing
population planning, disease prevention, maternal and child health,
and communicable and
non-communicable diseases (like HIV AIDS, malaria, etc) that are
affecting a significant portion of population in developing and
developed
countries. Here you can find abstracts of articles published on a variety of public health
topics under category "Contraception
(Birth Control) and Family Planning".
Contraception (birth control)
is a regimen of one or more actions, devices, or medications followed in
order to deliberately prevent or reduce the likelihood of a woman
becoming pregnant or giving birth. Therefore contraception is the
utilization of various and sundry surgical procedures, devices,
practices, agents, or drugs with the intention of preventing conception
or impregnation (pregnancy). Methods and intentions typically termed
birth control may be considered a pivotal ingredient to family
planning. Birth control is a controversial political and ethical
issue in many cultures and religions, and although it is generally less
controversial than abortion specifically. |
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| CATEGORY: |
Contraception (Birth Control) and Family Planning |
| An evaluation of economics and acceptability of screening for Chlamydia |
| trachomatis infection, in women attending antenatal, abortion, colposcopy |
| and family planning clinics in Scotland, UK. |
| Norman JE; Wu O; Twaddle S; Macmillan S; McMillan L |
| BJOG. an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2004 |
| Objective The aims of this study were to determine cost effectiveness of screening for Chlamydia trachomatis in |
| hospital-bases antenatal and gynaecology clinics, and community-based family planning clinics. Additionally, |
| women's views of screening were determined in the hospital-based clinics. Design Cost effectiveness based on |
| decision model. Model probabilities were generated for a hypothetical sample of 250 women in each age group in |
| each setting, based on prevalence studies, published data and expert opinion. A prospective observational study |
| was used to generate data on prevalence and acceptability. Setting Antenatal, gynaecology and family planning |
| clinics in Aberdeen Edinburgh and Glasgow. Sample Prevalence was estimated in 2817 women. Acceptability was |
| determined in 484 women. Methods An economic evaluation was performed using prevalence data from this and |
| previous study, and using outcome data from the literature and observational work. Incremental cost effectiveness |
| ratios were estimated for each age group and clinical setting. Sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the |
| robustness of incremental cost effectiveness ratios to changes in the incidence of long term sequelae and costs. |
| The prevalence of infection was determined by nucleic acid amplification of urine samples or endocervical swabs. |
| Knowledge of C. trachomatis and women's views of screening were determined using structured questionnaires. |
| Main outcome measures Direct health service costs of screening, incidence and costs associated with adverse |
| sequelae, women's view of screening and prevalence of infection. Results The estimated cost of screening 250 |
| women in each age group in each the four sample populations (total population of 3750) is £49,367, while preventing |
| 64 major sequelae. This represents a net cost of £771.36 in preventing one major sequelae. Selective screening of |
| all women under 20 years and all patients attending abortion clinics were shown to be the most cost effective |
| strategies. These results were relatively insensitive to changes in estimated parameters, such as uptake rate, |
| probabilities and unit costs of all major sequelae averted. Prevalence (95% CI) of infection in the highest risk groups |
| (those aged under 20 in both antenatal and abortion clinics) was 12.1% (8.6-16.7) and 12.7% (7.3- 21.2), respectively. |
| The majority (>95%) of women agreed with a policy of regular screening for C. trachomatis, and screening in the |
| settings employed in this study was largely acceptable. Conclusions A single episode of screening for C. |
| trachomatis does not result in net cost savings. Currently recommended strategies of screening for C. trachomatis in |
| women under 25 years of age in abortion clinics are supported by our data on prevalence and acceptability. These |
| data also suggest that hospital-based screening strategies should be further extended to include younger women |
| attending antenatal clinics and all women of reproductive age attending colposcopy clinics. (PubHealth.info |
| Document ID: CONT1T 551-06) |
| PubHealth.info NOTE: The author(s) of this article titled, "An evaluation of economics and acceptability of screening |
| for Chlamydia trachomatis infection, in women attending antenatal, abortion, colposcopy and family planning clinics |
| in Scotland, UK.", is(are) Norman JE; Wu O; Twaddle S; Macmillan S; McMillan L. The source of this article is |
| "BJOG. an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2004 Nov;111:1261-1268.". This article was |
| published in 2004 in English language(s). (PubHealth.info® Document ID: CONT1T 551-06. All rights reserved with |
| This article is peer-reviewed. |
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